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Almost all integration projects contain one or more transformations (sometimes called "mappings") between two different structures holding equivalent data (for example the order tables in the database, and the order XML message). We know how to model the individual static data structures in various ways, but the most common approach is to represent each by a UML class model, and there are established conventions for how to do this for different data sources.

However, UML doesn't help when it comes to the transformations themselves, and typically the detail has to be captured either in code, or a proprietary format. Most good integration tools provide some sort of "visual mapping tool", where the developer drags and drops to create links between representations of the two structures, usually imported directly from their physical schemas. Here's an example using SeeBeyond. Altova provide a good stand-alone data mapping tool called Mapforce - here's an example showing it in use. The problem is that these tools work directly with the physical structure, and don't export the mapping information in a reusable format, so that information is completely disconnected from the UML analysis or design models.

I have experimented with trying to represent mapping information in a UML model, but so far without much success. The best solution I've found so far is to use some sort of "pseudo code" (it could be OCL, pseudo-Java, pseudo-VB or anything similar). For example, we could easily annotate the model with code fragments such as:

Database.order_table.order_no = Message.Header.OrderNo

(where each element refers to a UML Package.Class.Attribute combination).

The problems are that it's not clear where to put this annotation, most UML modelling tools won't help generate it, and there's no graphical representation. Ultimately, writing pseudo-code like this is probably not much better than abandoning the model and moving straight to using your integration tool.

My question is: does anybody know a better way? Has anybody found a good way of representing mapping information in UML? And if so, is there any good tool support?

If you know, please send me a message.

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Fri, 26 Aug 2005

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